Table 1 Description of target study population, sampling techniques, and criteria judgment
| Â | Â | Study design | Target population | Sampling size and technique | Criteria judgment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Household survey | Cross-sectional study | Households with at least one child under the age of five | 432 households were selected through a three-stage clustered sampling technique [22], (the main objective of the study was to assess biomarkers) | - HFIAS - FCS - Food stocks |
B | Market survey | Food census | Official markets of Popokabaka Food items sold in the markets | Four official markets out of the six markets in Popokabaka (Cite Popo, Imbela, Ngasa, and Ibuka) were randomly selected, including 523 vendors All available food types were recorded. Weight and price were captured | - Food availability - Cost per 1000Â g |
C | Exit interview survey | Cross-sectional study | Clients that were purchasing food at the local market | 147 clients were selected at the exit points of the four official markets of Popokabaka based on a systematic sampling with a sampling interval of 1 | - Food choices - Food affordability - Food accessibility - Client satisfaction |
D | Focus group discussions | Qualitative case study | Smallholder farmers affiliated with a cooperative farmers' organization possessing crops/livestock | Six FGDs were conducted, including a total of 48 participants purposively selected | Barriers to and opportunities for improved food production in Popokabaka |
E | Key informant interviews | Qualitative case study | Community leaders and civil society leaders involved in agricultural community organization | Seven key informants were purposively selected | Barriers to and opportunities for improved food production in Popokabaka |