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Table 7 Average CSI before and during COVID-19 according to the type of cooperative

From: Food insecurity, coping strategies, and resilience of agricultural cooperative members during COVID-19 in West Africa

Countries

Period

Active cooperatives

Poorly/not active cooperatives

Change in CSI (poorly/not active vs active cooperative)

T test (active–poorly/not cooperative)

Ivory Coast (n = 318)

Before

1.18

2.33

1.15

0.003***

During

1.98

14.5

12.52

< 2.2e−16***

Change in CSI (during vs before)

0.8

12.17

11.37

 

Ghana (n = 329)

Before

4.73

3.02

− 1.71

0.004***

During

17.62

24.33

6.71

0.000***

Change in CSI (during vs before)

12.89

21.31

8.42

 

Mali (n = 468)

Before

10.67

8.94

− 1.73

0.012**

During

10.65

9.25

− 1.4

0.049**

Change in CSI (during vs before)

− 0.02

0.31

0.33

 

Senegal (n = 155)

Before

15.63

8.18

− 7.45

1.705e−06***

During

19.77

14.55

− 5.22

3.34e−06***

Change in CSI (during vs before)

4.14

6.37

2.23

 
  1. Percentages are calculated using the sample of respondents by type of cooperative in each country
  2. ***Significant at 1%
  3. **Significant at 5%
  4. *Significant at 10%
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Agriculture & Food Security

ISSN: 2048-7010