Table 3 Household income and expenditures at baseline (SSP)
From: Cash for assets during acute food insecurity: an observational study in South Sudan
Cohort A/B | Control | Cohort C | P-value | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 1,213) | (N = 582) | (N = 300) | All 3 groups | A + B vs Control | ||||||||
Median | Mean | (95% CI) | Median | Mean | (95% CI) | Median | Mean | (95% CI) | ||||
Household Expenditures (past month) | ||||||||||||
Total household expenditures (SSP)1 | 11,500 | 20,467 | (19,041–21,892) | 9115 | 19,328 | (17,185–21,471) | 14,925 | 16,765 | (15,084–18,447) | 0.059 | 0.379 | |
Expenditures by quartile | ||||||||||||
Top quartile (24,050 +) | 41,700 | 51,900 | (48,340–55,459) | 44,250 | 55,755 | (50,328–61,182) | 31,350 | 37,369 | (32,725–42,013) | < 0.001 | 0.240 | |
3rd quartile (11,500–24,000) | 16,500 | 17,045 | (16,616–17,474) | 17,750 | 17,573 | (16,921–18,225) | 17,500 | 17,823 | (17,148–18,499) | 0.116 | 0.191 | |
2nd quartile (5550–11,400) | 7800 | 8040 | (7858–8222) | 8000 | 8168 | (7890–8447) | 7500 | 7798 | (7383–8213) | 0.338 | 0.456 | |
Bottom quartile (< 5500) | 3275 | 3000 | (2781–3219) | 2000 | 2182 | (1917–2448) | 3000 | 2693 | (2169–3217) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Household income (past 3 months) | ||||||||||||
Total household income (SSP) | 4500 | 7810 | (7131–8489) | 2000 | 6,008 | (5037–6980) | 3000 | 7,167 | (5691–8643) | 0.013 | 0.003 | |
Income by quartile | ||||||||||||
Top quartile (8580+) | 15,025 | 20,904 | (19,148–22,659) | 14,600 | 21,328 | (17,796–24,861) | 17,000 | 25,629 | (20,772–30,486) | 0.146 | 0.817 | |
3rd quartile (3600–8500) | 6000 | 6074 | (5927–6221) | 5,500 | 5,807 | (5577–6038) | 5000 | 5568 | (5272–5864) | 0.005 | 0.059 | |
2nd quartile (50–3500) | 2000 | 1846 | (1731–1961) | 1925 | 1730 | (1557–1903) | 1240 | 1491 | (1280–1702) | 0.016 | 0.258 | |
Bottom quartile ($0) | 0 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | |
Household Income Sources | ||||||||||||
Small business | – | 34.9% | (32.2–37.6%) | – | 33.2% | (29.3–37.0%) | – | 42.0% | (36.4–47.6%) | 0.028 | 0.475 | |
Crop/vegetable farming | – | 32.0% | (29.4–34.6%) | – | 21.5% | (18.1–24.8%) | – | 14.3% | (10.3–18.3%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Livestock | – | 22.7% | (20.3–25.0%) | – | 20.1% | (16.8–23.4%) | – | 32.3% | (27.0–37.7%) | < 0.001 | 0.218 | |
Casual/daily labor (temporary) | – | 20.3% | (18.0–22.5%) | – | 16.0% | (13.0–19.0%) | – | 19.7% | (15.1–24.2%) | 0.089 | 0.029 | |
Market stall, vendor, or sales | – | 14.5% | (12.5–16.5%) | – | 15.8% | (12.8–18.8%) | – | 6.7% | (3.8–9.5%) | < 0.001 | 0.470 | |
Money sent by family / friends | – | 11.2% | (9.4–13.0%) | – | 14.9% | (12.0–17.9%) | – | 5.7% | (3.0–8.3%) | < 0.001 | 0.025 | |
Humanitarian assistance | – | 9.3% | (7.7–11.0%) | – | 1.0% | (0.2–1.9%) | – | 0.0% | – | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Formal job/salaried employment | – | 4.3% | (3.1–5.4%) | – | 2.1% | (0.9–3.2%) | – | 0.0% | – | < 0.001 | 0.017 | |
Number of income generating activities2 | 1.0 | 1.3 | (1.2–1.4) | 1.0 | 1.1 | (1.0–1.2) | 1.0 | 1.1 | (1.0–1.3) | 0.001 | 0.001 | |
Household saving, loans, and gifts (past 3 months) | ||||||||||||
Savings | ||||||||||||
Any savings (%) | – | 34.4 | (31.7–37.1%) | – | 21.3% | (18.0–24.6%) | – | 21.0% | (16.4–25.6%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Amount saved (among savers only) | 4000 | 8771 | (7511–10,030) | 4,000 | 9,824 | (7138–12,510) | 3,000 | 5,113 | (3744–6481) | 0.058 | 0.448 | |
Purchased livestock (%) | – | 28.8 | (26.3–31.4%) | – | 10.3% | (7.8–12.8%) | – | 9.3% | (6.0–12.6%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Savings/lending group member (%) | – | 13.9 | (11.9–15.8%) | – | 6.7% | (4.7–8.7%) | – | 2.0% | (0.4–3.6%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Gift(s) received from family/friends | – | 22.3 | (20.0–24.7%) | – | 20.1% | (16.8–23.4%) | – | 19.3% | (14.8–23.8%) | 0.351 | 0.160 | |
Total value of all gifts received | 2500 | 4991 | (3955–6027) | 2000 | 4027 | (2950–5105) | 3000 | 8619 | (4322–12915) | 0.008t | 0.267 | |