Table 7 Crop modeling studies on wheat cropping systems under Moroccan conditions
Objective of crop modeling study (contribution) | References | Title of publication | Type of model | Type of cropping system | Concerned crop management practice | Contribution’s primary scale | Concerned Agro-climatic zone |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model calibration and evaluation independent studies: - Crop growth, development, and yield prediction - Estimation of soil–water and soil-fertility variables | [22] | New multi-model approach gives good estimations of wheat yield under semi-arid climate in Morocco | WOFOST and CROPSYST | Irrigated and rainfed systems | Monitoring crop growth and final yield prediction | 25 km × 25 km elementary simulation unit | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas |
[10] | Empirical regression models using NDVI, rainfall and temperature data for the early prediction of wheat grain yields in Morocco | Regression models | Rainfed systems | Final yield prediction | Administrative level (provinces) and national level | All Moroccan agro-climatic areas | |
[21] | Cereal yield forecasting with satellite drought-based indices, weather data and regional climate indices using machine learning in Morocco | Machine learning | Rainfed systems | Final yield prediction | Agricultural province unit | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas | |
[87] | Relevance of soil fertility spatial databases for parameterizing APSIM-wheat crop model in Moroccan rainfed areas | APSIM | Rainfed systems | Monitoring crop growth and final yield, and assessment of soil fertility | Field level | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas | |
[82] | GEPIC–modelling wheat yield and crop water productivity with high resolution on a global scale | EPIC | Rainfed and irrigated systems | Final yield prediction and assessment of crop water productivity | 50 km × 50 km elementary simulation unit | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas | |
General strategies of crop management adaptation | [38] | Explaining yield and gross margin gaps for sustainable intensification of the wheat-based systems in a Mediterranean climate | Regression model | Irrigated and rainfed systems | Assessment of different factors responsible for yield gaps | Field level | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas |
[99] | Adaptation of Moroccan durum wheat varieties from different breeding eras | Regression model and the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model (AMMI) | Irrigated and rainfed systems | Cultivar choice and breeding recommendations | Field level | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas | |
[92] | Modeling the impact of conservation agriculture on crop production and soil properties in Mediterranean climate | APSIM | Rainfed system | Evaluation of conservation agriculture practices | Field level | Favorable area | |
[42] | Towards precision agriculture in Morocco: a machine learning approach for recommending crops and forecasting weather | Machine learning | Irrigated and rainfed systems | Recommending optimal crop species to grow and forecasting of the hourly average air temperature | - | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas | |
[24] | Modeling sustainable adaptation strategies toward a climate-smart agriculture in a Mediterranean watershed under projected climate change scenarios | Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model | Rainfed system | Improve crops’ water productivities using sowing dates and no-tillage adaptations | Watershed level | Favorable area | |
[23] | Wheat (Triticum aestivum) adaptability evaluation in a semi-arid region of Central Morocco using APSIM model | APSIM | Rainfed system | Sowing date adaptations and cultivar choice | Field level | Unfavorable area | |
Crop modeling for within-season management advice | [43] | Weather-based predictive modeling of wheat stripe rust infection in Morocco | Threshold-based weather model | Rainfed system | Disease control | Field level | Favorable area |
[142] | Performance assessment of AquaCrop model for estimating evapotranspiration, soil water content and grain yield of winter wheat in Tensift Al Haouz (Morocco): application to irrigation management | AQUACROP | Irrigated system | Sowing date adaptations and irrigation scheduling | Field level | Favorable area | |
[13] | Assessment of vegetation water content in wheat using near and shortwave infrared SPOT-5 data in an irrigated area | Regression models (satellite-based indices) | Irrigated system | Irrigation scheduling | Field level | Intermediate area | |
[20] | Linkages between rainfed cereal production and agricultural drought through remote sensing indices and a land data assimilation system: a case study in Morocco | Regression models | Rainfed system | Monitoring and assessment of drought events | Agricultural province unit | Unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable areas | |
[51] | Calibration and validation of the STICS crop model for managing wheat irrigation in the semi-arid Marrakech/Al Haouz plain | STICS | Irrigated system | Irrigation scheduling | Field level | Unfavorable area |