Table 6 Estimation results of multivariate probit on factors affecting landless rural households’ choice of livelihood options
Explanatory variables | Livelihood options of rural landless households | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Farm | Off-farm | Non-farm | |
marginal effect (SE) | marginal effect (SE) | marginal effect (SE) | |
Age | 0.0037 (0.03030) | − 0.0074 (0.0157) | − 0.05757 (0.0175)*** |
Gender(male = 1) | − 0.6752 (0.5514) | − 0.2025 (0.3160) | 0.8498 (0.3435) ** |
Marital status (married = 1) | 1.8132 (0.5715)*** | 0.2635 (0.3423) | − 0.2264 (0.3779) |
Labor force | 0.1406 (0.2141) | − 0.0498 (0.1142) | 0.2726 (0.1209)** |
Educational status (literate = 1) | 0.5100 (0.4038) | − 0.6199 (0.1996)*** | 0.2279 (0.2134) |
TLU | 0.2815 (0.1668)* | − 0.1129 (0.0572)** | 0.0879 (0.0666) |
Private house ownership(yes = 1) | 0.5674 (0.4033) | 0.1184 (0.1973) | 0.0886 (0.2159) |
Credit access (yes = 1) | 0.6608 (0.3641)* | − 0.0960 (0.1915) | − 0.4621 (0.2140)** |
Remittance (yes = 1) | − 0.6984 (0.5154) | − 0.3822 (0.3242) | − 0.5293 (0.3127)* |
Edir (yes = 1) | − 0.1674 (0.3929) | − 0.2034 (0.1848) | 0.2304 (0.2081) |
Traditional labor sharing (yes) | 0.9646 (0.3840)* | 0.8662 (0.2074)*** | 0.0730 (0.2166) |
Equb (yes = 1) | − 0.3293 (0.5774) | − 0.3332 (0.2736) | 0.5443 (0.3259)* |
PSNP(yes = 1) | 0.2468 (0.4499) | − 0.2211 (0.2273) | − 0.0929 (0.2451) |
Distance to road in km | 0.0084 (0.0519) | − 0.0097 (0.0259) | − 0.0532 (0.0289)* |
Distance to market in km | − 0.0115 (0.0409) | − 0.0217 (0.0197) | − 0.0563297 (0.0221) *** |
Model summary | |||
 Number of observation = 258 | Log likelihood = − 311.89149 | ||
Wald chi2(45) = 135.28 | Prob > chi2 = 0.0000 | ||