Table 1 Summary of studies on the COVID-19 pandemic and food insecurity
From: The COVID-19 pandemic and food security in low- and middle-income countries: a review
Abay et al. [1] | Adjognon et al. [2] | Aggarwall et al. [3] | Amare et al. [5] | Ceballos et al. [16] | Kansiime et al. [37] | Mahmud and Riley [41] | Hirvonen et al. [33] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A: Published? | IFPRI Discussion Paper | Food Policy | NBER Working Paper | IFPRI Discussion Paper | World Development | World Development | World Development | American Journal of Agricultural Economics |
B: Geographic area | Rural Ethiopia | Mali | Rural Liberia and rural Malawi | Nigeria | Haryana and Odisha, India | Kenya and Uganda | Rural Uganda | Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
C: Geographically representative? | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes |
D: Data source | Phone survey from ongoing project | LSMS and follow-up phone surveyi | Phone survey from ongoing project | LSMS and follow-up phone survey | Phone survey from ongoing project | Online survey | Phone survey from ongoing project | Phone survey from ongoing project |
E: Pre-survey date | March–August 2019 | October 2018–July 2019 | January 2020 | July 2018–February 2019 | April 2020 | Pre-pandemic recall | March 2020 | August–September 2019 |
F: Post-survey date | June 2020 | May–June 2020 | August 2020 | April–May 2020 | May 2020 | April 2020 | May 2020 | May–August 2020 |
G: Short-term results? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
H: Empirical method | Difference-in-differencesii | Pre–post comparison and difference-in-differences | Panel data with fixed effects | Difference-in-differences | Pre–post comparison | Pre–post comparison | Pre–post comparison | Pre–post comparison and difference-in-differences |
I: Outcome variable | Food gapiii | Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)iv | Diet diversity, hunger scale, and food consumption | Partial Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) | Food availability and access indicators | Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) | Food expenditures per adult equivalent | Food consumption and diet diversity |
J: Key finding | Increase in food insecurity | Increase in food insecurity | No change in food insecurity | Increase in food insecurity | Mixed results | Increase in food insecurity | Increase in food expenditures | No change in food insecurity |
K: Do pandemic-related disruptions explain the result?v | Yes | Yes | N/A, markets disrupted but food insecurity remained stable | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | N/A, income and job loss but food consumption remained stable |
L: Do results differ in urban vs. rural areas | N/A | Yes | N/A | No | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
M: Do results differ by socio-economic status? | N/A | N/A | N/A | Yes, more adverse changes for poorer households | N/A | N/A | Yes, more adverse changes for wealthier households | N/A |
N: Do results differ by access to social support? | Yes, Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) | N/A | Yes, cash transfers | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |