Table 2 Conditions and dynamics of women’s involvement in CVF activities
Factors contributing to women’s roles in CVF | Women’s individual and collective efforts to further CVF | Role of CVF in women’s confidence building and reducing barriers | Factors stimulating acceptance of women’s CVF roles | Processes of normalizing women’s new CVF roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Decreasing staple crop yields and economic hardship 2. Expanding road networks and emerging markets 3. Support from government and development organizations 4. Seeing others earn income through CVF 5. Exposure visits to other districts and peer learning | 1. Actively produce and sell vegetables 2. Request technical and financial support from government and development organizations 3. Seek consent from husbands and in-laws to travel for skill development training and exposure visits 4. Form women’s groups and saving and credit cooperatives to strengthen collective voices and income-generating endeavors | 1. Outside travel and meeting government and development officials 2. Peer learning through training and visits outside the districts 3. Seeing more women actively and freely engaged in CVF in other areas 4. Share experiences with other women in the community, create strategies to combat backlash | 1. Women generating more income for the household 2. Women helping other women, success in travel, winning confidence of family members 3. Women gaining knowledge for growing vegetables and bargaining for better market prices 4. Women obtaining external support for themselves and the overall community | 1. Women viewed as role models in their communities 2. Peer learning inspires more women to join CVF 3. Women earning income inspires more women and becomes the new norm 4. More community members are open to let their wives or daughters-in-law to be involved in CVF |