Table 5 Wilcoxon signed-rank test for human capital (n = 280)
Ranks | N | Mean rank | Sum of ranks | Z | Asymp. sig (2-tailed) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Financial management | Negative ranks | 1 | 125.00 | 125.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 248 | 125.00 | 31,000.00 | −15.65 | .000 | |
Ties | 24 | |||||
Marketing management | Negative ranks | 1 | 124.50 | 124.50 | ||
Positive ranks | 247 | 124.50 | 30,751.50 | −15.62 | .000 | |
Ties | 25 | |||||
Extension services | Negative ranks | 5 | 114.50 | 572.50 | ||
Positive ranks | 223 | 114.50 | 25,533.50 | −14.43 | .000 | |
Ties | 45 | |||||
Skills training | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 238 | 119.50 | 28,441.00 | −15.42 | .000 | |
Ties | 35 | |||||
Technical training | Negative ranks | 3 | 118.50 | 355.50 | ||
Positive ranks | 233 | 118.50 | 27,610.50 | −14.97 | .000 | |
Ties | 37 | |||||
Auctioning skills | Negative ranks | 1 | 115.00 | 115.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 228 | 115.00 | 26,220.00 | −15.00 | .000 | |
Ties | 44 | |||||
Project management | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 240 | 120.50 | 28,920.00 | −15.49 | .000 | |
Ties | 33 | |||||
Total | 273 | |||||
Employment opportunities created | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 254 | 127.50 | 32,385.00 | −15.93 | .000 | |
Ties | 19 | |||||
Veld management | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 206 | 103.50 | 21,321.00 | −14.35 | .000 | |
Ties | 67 | |||||
Grazing management | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 206 | 103.50 | 21,321.00 | −14.35 | .000 | |
Ties | 67 | |||||
Grain management | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 34 | 17.50 | 595.00 | −5.83 | .000 | |
Ties | 239 | |||||
Vegetable management | Negative ranks | 0 | 21.50 | 903.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 42 | 21.50 | 903.00 | −6.48 | .000 | |
Ties | 231 | |||||
Poultry management | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 212 | 106.50 | 22,578.00 | −14.56 | .000 | |
Ties | 61 | |||||
Piggery management | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 210 | 105.50 | 22,155.00 | −14.49 | .000 | |
Ties | 63 | |||||
Training on record-keeping | Negative ranks | 2 | 126.00 | 252.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 249 | 126.00 | 31,374.00 | −15.59 | .000 | |
Ties | 22 | |||||
Livestock management skills | Negative ranks | 2 | 101.50 | 101.50 | ||
Positive ranks | 201 | 101.50 | 20,401.50 | −14.07 | .000 | |
Ties | 71 | |||||
Treatment of diseases | Negative ranks | 1 | 98.00 | 98.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 194 | 98.00 | 19,012.00 | −13.82 | .000 | |
Ties | 78 | |||||
Soil management | Negative ranks | 3 | 23.00 | 69.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 42 | 23.00 | 966.00 | −5.81 | .000 | |
Ties | 228 | |||||
Water management | Negative ranks | 1 | 115.50 | 115.50 | ||
Positive ranks | 229 | 115.50 | 26,449.50 | −15.03 | .000 | |
Ties | 43 | |||||
Management training | Negative ranks | 0 | .00 | .00 | ||
Positive ranks | 232 | 116.50 | 27,028.00 | −15.23 | .000 | |
Ties | 41 | |||||
Price determination training | Negative ranks | 2 | 116.50 | 233.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 230 | 116.50 | 26,795.00 | −14.96 | .000 | |
Ties | 41 | |||||
Resources management training | Negative ranks | 1 | 123.00 | 123.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 244 | 123.00 | 30,012.00 | −15.52 | .000 | |
Ties | 28 | |||||
Equipment handling | Negative ranks | 4 | 112.00 | 448.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 219 | 112.00 | 24,528.00 | −14.39 | .000 | |
Ties | 50 | |||||
Crop protection | Negative ranks | 2 | 17.00 | 34.00 | ||
Positive ranks | 31 | 17.00 | 527.00 | −5.048 | .000 | |
Ties | 240 |