Is agricultural digitization a reality among smallholder farmers in Africa? Unpacking farmers' lived realities of engagement with digital tools and services in rural Northern Ghana

Table 5 Chi-square for awareness about digital services

Variable (n = 1565)	χ²	p	Cramers V
Gender	0.935	0.334	0.024
Age	24.849	< 0.001**	0.126
Duration in Farming	5.751	0.056	0.061
Householdsize	13.988	0.003**	0.095
Farm Size	28.662	< 0.001**	0.135
Level of education	18.307	0.003**	0.108
Farming system	219.903	< 0.001**	0.375
Commercial status	19.383	< 0.001**	0.111
Income	42.055	< 0.001**	0.164
Business status	21.290	< 0.001**	0.117
Membership of association	354.969	< 0.001**	0.467
Access to extension/Vert services	335.550	< 0.001**	0.463

χ² tests indicate differences are statistically significant at 95% when p < 0.05
Awareness of services: Are you aware of digital technology services and solutions related to your farming activities? (1) Yes (2) No
*p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01

ISSN: 2048-7010