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Table 15 Marginal effects on the adoption of improved rice technologies (unconditional marginal effects, calculated at the mean)

From: Adoption of improved rice technologies in major rice producing areas of Ethiopia: a multivariate probit approach

Explanatory variables

Improved seed

Row planting

Recom urea

Recom DAP

Recom weeding

Sex of HH

0.055 (0.074)

− 0.004 (0.078)

0.184** (0.075)

− 0.092 (0.097)

0.098 (0.091)

Age of HH

− 0.002 (0.002)

0.003 (0.002)

− 0.002 (0.002)

0.003 (0.002)

− 0.004 (0.002)

Rice experience

0.004 (0.004)

0.002 (0.004)

0.003 (0.004)

− 0.004 (0.004)

0.001 (0.004)

Household size

− 0.015 (0.012)

− 0.013 (0.011)

− 0.007 (0.014)

− 0.002 (0.013)

0.028* (0.014)

Education

0.031*** (0.012)

0.017 (0.011)

0.022 (0.015)

− 0.003 (0.014)

0.026* (0.016)

Received credit

− 0.002 (0.046)

0.025 (0.048)

− 0.094 (0.057)

− 0.07 (0.055)

− 0.055 (0.06)

Irrigation access

− 0.022 (0.043)

− 0.007 (0.042)

0 (0.05)

0.026 (0.05)

− 0.115** (0.051)

Mobile

0.085 (0.046)

0.053 (0.049)

− 0.056 (0.058)

0.049 (0.057)

− 0.047 (0.059)

Radio

0.05 (0.047)

− 0.01 (0.046)

0.044 (0.063)

− 0.018 (0.057)

0 (0.06)

Extension contact

0.003* (0.002)

0.002 (0.002)

− 0.002 (0.002)

0.003 (0.002)

− 0.001 (0.002)

Off farm

0.004 (0.044)

0.078 (0.052)

− 0.019 (0.055)

− 0.124** (0.052)

0.032 (0.061)

Rice area

− 0.186 (0.119)

− 0.369*** (0.111)

− 0.429*** (0.146)

− 0.395*** (0.14)

− 0.158 (0.144)

Plot distance

− 0.026** (0.013)

0.008 (0.012)

− 0.012 (0.014)

0.036*** (0.014)

0 (0.014)

Soil fertility

0.004 (0.036)

− 0.068** (0.034)

− 0.033 (0.042)

0.052 (0.04)

− 0.056 (0.044)

Last year rice

− 0.027 (0.045)

0.063 (0.052)

− 0.118** (0.06)

0.106* (0.057)

0.047 (0.062)

Livestock ownership

0.051* (0.031)

0.01 (0.028)

0.044 (0.04)

0.039 (0.035)

− 0.029 (0.036)

Cultivated land

− 0.045 (0.044)

0.021 (0.042)

− 0.190*** (0.05)

0.045 (0.047)

− 0.223*** (0.046)

Social capital

0.126 (0.096)

0.229*** (0.089)

− 0.139 (0.119)

0.288** (0.119)

0.06 (0.123)

Market distance

0

0

0

0

0

Rice income

0.002*** (0.001)

0.003*** (0.001)

0.003*** (0.001)

0.003*** (0.001)

0.003*** (0.001)

Cooperative membership

0.022 (0.044)

− 0.066 (0.043)

0.034 (0.055)

0.01 (0.052)

0.016 (0.053)

  1. Figures in parenthesis are standard errors
  2. ***Significant at 1%, **Significant at 5%, *Significant at 10%