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Table 3 Hurdle Negative Binomial Logit model results

From: Road accessibility and agricultural extension services in Malawi

 

(1)

(2)

Variables

Logit

NB

Age

− 0.012***

− 0.005

 

(0.004)

(0.003)

Female

− 0.042

− 0.278***

 

(0.143)

(0.101)

Married

0.144

− 0.008

 

(0.154)

(0.109)

Muslim

− 0.284**

− 0.006

 

(0.137)

(0.092)

Household size

0.0482**

0.022*

 

(0.022)

(0.013)

Years of schooling

0.027*

0.026***

 

(0.015)

(0.009)

Farming experience

0.013***

0.010***

 

(0.005)

(0.003)

HDDS

0.094***

0.019

 

(0.024)

(0.015)

Log of household economic resources

0.056***

0.047***

 

(0.018)

(0.015)

Log of cropland size

− 0.031

0.001

 

(0.115)

(0.069)

Loan access

0.043

0.067

 

(0.139)

(0.075)

Off-farm employment

− 0.182

0.096

 

(0.125)

(0.085)

Communication tools

0.304***

0.210***

 

(0.107)

(0.077)

Lead farmer

0.883***

0.304***

 

(0.155)

(0.070)

Livestock

0.248**

0.073

 

(0.106)

(0.078)

Tree

0.568***

0.271***

 

(0.103)

(0.059)

Maize

0.169

0.275*

 

(0.188)

(0.145)

Cereal

− 0.051

− 0.236**

 

(0.153)

(0.100)

Tuber

− 0.112

0.128

 

(0.161)

(0.086)

Bean

0.370***

0.110*

 

(0.096)

(0.061)

Groundnut

0.153

0.022

 

(0.107)

(0.062)

Vegetable

0.249*

0.065

 

(0.146)

(0.083)

Tobacco

0.312*

− 0.103

 

(0.170)

(0.095)

Risk-averse

− 0.028

− 0.117*

 

(0.100)

(0.065)

Farmer Organization

0.147*

0.118***

 

(0.084)

(0.039)

Difficulty in accessing fertilizer

− 0.075

− 0.038

 

(0.048)

(0.027)

Market

− 0.021

− 0.052

 

(0.096)

(0.059)

Log of distance to paved roads

− 0.204***

− 0.152***

 

(0.050)

(0.031)

Number of extension agents

0.145**

0.082**

 

(0.063)

(0.037)

Number of agricultural projects

− 0.032

0.014

 

(0.029)

(0.019)

Number of demonstration plots and farm trials

0.047**

0.046***

 

(0.022)

(0.013)

Feed the future zone of influence

0.891***

0.163**

 

(0.113)

(0.075)

South Region

− 1.169***

0.084

 

(0.230)

(0.130)

Central Region

− 1.206***

0.101

 

(0.231)

(0.128)

Constant

− 1.015**

− 0.662**

 

(0.478)

(0.323)

\(\mathrm{ln \gamma }\)

 

− 1.008***

  

(0.142)

Observations

2441

2441

  1. Standard errors are in parentheses
  2. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1