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Table 4 Meta-analytical results

From: Rapid evidence assessment on women’s empowerment interventions within the food system: a meta-analysis

Outcomes

Specific outcomes indicators

# of included effects (total number of beneficiaries)

Overall effect size [95% CI]

Estimated percentile change compared to control group [95% CI]

Heterogeneity of overall effect (Q and I^2)

Range of effects

Food security

Food security index—whether HH had surplus food or deficit, enough food to eat, and could afford to eat two meals a day; Food availability: sufficient food to meet the household's needs; Household food insecurity access scale; Skip meals

4 (12,545)

0.24* [0.00; 0.47]

9.5% [0; 18.1%]

111.16***, 97.3%

0.07 to 0.67

Food affordability/availability

Food consumption score; Total food consumption expenditure in the 12 months preceding the survey (Food production and market purchases) (LOG)-Household; Food consumption (RS/year); Grain stocks (kg); Per capita food consumption

6 (12,972)

0.23** [0.09; 0.38]

9.1% [3.6%; 14.8%]

187.27***, 91.99%

− 0.11 to 0.49

Diet quality and adequacy

Household dietary diversity; Additional food consumed during pregnancy; Protein intake p.c. (g/day) in the total population; Variety of foods consumed

4 (16,025.5)

0.09** [0.06, 0.12]

3.6% [2.4%; 4.8%]

0.53***, 0%

0.076 to 0.14

Weight relative to length

Weight-for-length z score; BMI-for-age z score

2 (1156.6)

0.12* [0.00, 0.23]

4.8% [0; 9.1%]

0.12, 0%

0.06 to 0.12

Well-being outcomes

Mental health index; Worry about insufficient food

2 (10,100)

0.08 [0.01; 0.15]

3.2% [0.4%; 6%]

2.9*, 65.6%

− 0.11 to 0.04

  1. * is p < 0.05, ** is p < 0.01 and *** is p < 0.001. For more information on the results and the studies please see Additional file 1: Table S1