Table 7 Effect estimates from included studies in REA†
First author | Year | Country | Intervention type | Evaluation/synthesis method | Outcome | Standardized effect estimate (Confidence Interval) | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food security | |||||||
Bandiera | 2017 | Bangladesh | Training/education Asset transfer | Randomized control trial and difference-in-difference | Food security index—whether HH had surplus food or deficit, enough food to eat, and could afford to eat two meals a day* | 0.07 (0.03; 0.12) | 6732 |
Emran | 2009 | Bangladesh | Training/education Asset transfer | Difference-in-difference and statistical matching | Meals twice a day | 0.6 (0.5; 0.7) | 1569 |
Food availability: Sufficient food to meet the household's needs* | 0.66 (0.56; 0.76) | 1569 | |||||
Blackstad | 2020 | Tanzania | Training/education | Randomized control trial | Household food insecurity access scale* | 0.07 (− 0.05; 0.2) | 876 |
Pan | 2015 | Uganda | Training/education Asset transfer | Regression discontinuity | Skip meals* | − 0.13 (− 0.2; − 0.06) | 3368 |
Food affordability and availability | |||||||
Ahmed | 2019 | Bangladesh | Asset transfer (Cash) | Randomized control trial | Per capita monthly food consumption—North | 0.13 (0.08; 0.19) | 5000 |
Per capita monthly food consumption—South | 0.08 (0.03; 0.14) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—North | 0.07 (0.02; 0.13) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—South | 0.02 (− 0.03; 0.08) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score—North | 0.17 (0.12; 0.23) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score − South | 0.07 (0.02; 0.13) | 5000 | |||||
Asset transfer (Food) | Per capita monthly food consumption—North | 0.11 (0.06; 0.17) | 5000 | ||||
Per capita monthly food consumption—South | 0.07 (0.02; 0.13) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—North | 0.13 (0.08; 0.19) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—South | 0.01 (− 0.05; 0.06) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score—North | 0.24 (0.18; 0.29) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score—South | 0.12 (0.07; 0.18) | 5000 | |||||
Assets transfer (Cash and food) | Per capita monthly food consumption—North | 0.11 (0.06; 0.17 | 5000 | ||||
Per capita monthly food consumption—South | 0.11 (0.06; 0.17) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—North | 0.07 (0.02; 0.13) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—South | 0.03 (− 0.03; 0.09) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score—North | 0.16 (0.11; 0.22) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score—South | 0.11 (0.06; 0.17) | 5000 | |||||
Behavior change communication Asset transfer (Cash) | Per capita monthly food consumption—North | 0.32 (0.27; 0.38) | 5000 | ||||
Per capita monthly food consumption—South | 0.22 (0.17; 0.28) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—North | 0.22 (0.17; 0.28) | 5000 | |||||
Per capita daily intake caloric—South | 0.10 0.04; 0.15) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score—North* | 0.49 (0.44; 0.55) | 5000 | |||||
Food consumption score—South* | 0.28 (0.23; 0.34) | 5000 | |||||
Bonuedi | 2020 | Sierra Leone | Behavior change communication Training/education Assets transfer | Statistical matching | Total food consumption expenditure in the 12 months preceding the survey (Food production and market purchases) (LOG)-Household* | − 0.04 (− 0.18, 0.09) | 836 |
Total food consumption expenditure in the 12 months preceding the survey (Food production and market purchases) (LOG)-Household* | 0.22 (0.09; 0.36) | 836 | |||||
Deininger | 2009 | India | Training/education | Difference-in-difference and statistical matching | Food consumption (RS/year)—All groups* | 0.09 (− 0.03; 0.2) | 2199 |
Energy intake p.c. (kcal/day)—All groups | 0.02 (− 0.09; 0.14) | 2199 | |||||
Food consumption (RS/year)-POP (Poorest of the poor) | 0.19 (− 0.08; 0.47) | 404 | |||||
Food consumption (RS/year)-Poor | 0.42 (0.06; 0.77) | 243 | |||||
Food consumption (RS/year)-Non-poor | − 0.11 (− 0.54; 0.33) | 157 | |||||
Energy intake p.c. (kcal/day)-POP (Poorest of the poor) | 0.36 (0.09; 0.64) | 404 | |||||
Energy intake p.c. (kcal/day)-Poor | 0.59 (0.23; 0.95) | 243 | |||||
Energy intake p.c. (kcal/day)-Non-poor | − 0.08 (− 0.52; 0.36) | 157 | |||||
Emran | 2009 | Bangladesh | Assets transfer Training/education | Difference-in-difference and statistical matching | Grain stocks (kg)* | 0.22 (0.12; 0.32) | 1569 |
Pan | 2015 | Uganda | Training/education Assets transfer | Regression discontinuity | Per capita food consumption* | 0.08 (0.01; 0.15) | 3368 |
Diet quality and adequacy | |||||||
Bonuedi | 2020 | Sierra Leone | Behavior change communication Training/education | Propensity score matching | Household dietary diversity* | 0.14 (0.00, 0.27) | 836 |
Women's dietary diversity | 0.10 (− 0.05, 0.26) | 636 | |||||
Children's dietary diversity | − 0.05 (− 0.21, 0.11) | 575 | |||||
Behavior change communication Training/education Assets transfer | Household dietary diversity | 0.23 (0.09, 0.26) | 836 | ||||
Women's dietary diversity | 0.31 (0.15, 0.46) | 636 | |||||
Children's dietary diversity | 0.29 (0.12, 0.45 | 575 | |||||
Haque | 2021 | Bangladesh | Training/education | Randomized control trial | Additional food consumed during pregnancy* | 0.09 (0.05, 0.13) | 10722 |
Deninger | 2009 | India | Training/education | Difference-in-difference and statistical matching | Protein intake p.c. (g/day) in the total population* | 0.08 (− 0.04, 0.19) | 1099.5 |
Protein intake p.c. (g/day) among the poor of the poor | 0.32 (0.05, 0.60) | 202 | |||||
Protein intake p.c. (g/day) among the poor | 0.66 (0.30, 1.02) | 121.5 | |||||
Protein intake p.c. (g/day) among the non-poor | 0.20 (− 0.24, 0.64) | 78.5 | |||||
Pan | 2015 | Uganda | Training/education Asset transfer | Regression discontinuity | Variety of foods consumed* | 0.09 (0.02, 0.15) | 3368 |
Anthropometrics | |||||||
Heckert | 2019 | Burkina Faso | Behavior change communication Asset transfer | Randomized control trial | Weight-for-length z score* | 0.12 (0.00,0.25) | 1035 |
Marquis | 2015 | Ghana | Training/education Asset transfer | Difference-in-difference | BMI-for-age z score* | 0.06 (− 0.30, 0.41) | 121.6 |
Weight-for-age z-sore | − 0.42 (− 0.77, − 0.06) | 121.6 | |||||
Height-for-age z score | 0.40 (0.04,0.75) | 121.6 | |||||
Micronutrient status | |||||||
Haque | 2021 | Bangladesh | Training/education | Randomized control trial | Consumption of at least 100 IFA tablets during pregnancy | 0.25 (0.21, 0.28) | 10722 |
Received vitamin a capsule after last delivery | 0.20 (0.16, 0.24) | 10722 | |||||
Heckert | 2019 | Burkina Faso | Behavior change communication Asset transfer | Randomized control trial | Change in hemoglobin (g/dL) | 0.10 (− 0.02, 0.23) | 1035 |
Wellbeing outcomes | |||||||
Bandiera | 2017 | Bangladesh | Training/education Asset transfer | Randomized control trial and difference-in-difference | Mental health index | 0.04 (− 0.00, 0.09) | 6732 |
Pan | 2015 | Uganda | Training/education Asset transfer | Regression discontinuity | Worry about insufficient food | − 0.11 (− 0.18, − 0.04) | 3368 |