Development outcomes of land tenure formalization under customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania: a multinomial endogenous switching regression approach

Msangi, Haji Athumani; Waized, Betty; Löhr, Katharina; Sieber, Stefan; Ndyetabula, Daniel Wilson

doi:10.1186/s40066-022-00403-3

Table 8 Determinants of land tenure formalization under different tenure systems: multinomial logit results

From: Development outcomes of land tenure formalization under customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania: a multinomial endogenous switching regression approach

Land tenure formalization	CGRO			CCRO
Land tenure formalization	Coef. (dy/dx)	Robust_Std.Err	P >\|z\|	Coef. (dy/dx)	Robust_Std.Err	P >\|z\|
Formal employment	0.559887	0.081817	0.000	− 0.491367	0.071783	0.000
Plot owner’s age	0.000766	0.000336	0.000	− 0.000646	0.000412	0.129
Education above primary	0.124779	0.014521	0.000	0.087539	0.012188	0.000
Migrant from another region	0.062694	0.012394	0.000	− 0.034871	0.013031	0.008
Dwelling Certificate	0.061161	0.013683	0.000	− 0.018492	0.015139	0.221
Ln (Mean plot-varying factors)	0.030229	0.017357	0.091	− 0.039313	0.013678	0.004
Ln (Farm size)	0.014048	0.003215	0.000	− 0.007836	0.002553	0.002
Ln (Plot to market distance)	0.003161	0.011529	0.001	0.027121	0.011089	0.006
Female head	0.014725	0.003366	0.000	0.003780	0.002624	0.150
AE HH Size	− 0.002916	0.005095	0.567	0.021388	0.003612	0.000
Modern roof	0.054231	0.014836	0.000	− 0.022449	0.010243	0.028
Concrete cement walls	− 0.000949	0.001857	0.610	0.000840	0.001863	0.653
Basic services	0.003360	0.012593	0.793	− 0.014114	0.011089	0.204
HH own bank account	− 0.000001	0.000001	0.271	− 0.000001	0.000001	0.477
Received financial assistance	0.083895	0.013687	0.000	0.013675	0.011480	0.213
Married HH head	0.047699	0.012483	0.000	0.046862	0.009735	0.000
Inherited plot	0.066814	0.015432	0.000	− 0.014618	0.008396	0.083
Ln (Total HH expenditure)	0.459311	0.041152	0.000	− 0.120352	0.017895	0.000
Village land certificate	0.000000	0.000000	0.025	0.000000	0.000000	0.636
Agric. occupation	− 0.012844	0.012611	0.312	0.037635	0.007737	0.000
Cooperative	− 0.028570	0.012513	0.022	0.003200	0.013244	0.820
Livestock ownership TLU	− 0.022068	0.009701	0.023	0.027650	0.006539	0.000
Own registered company	− 0.003460	0.001252	0.006	0.002159	0.000800	0.007
Selection instruments
Land dispute	0.170317	0.0125644	0.000	0.123009	0.059121	0.008
Transport cost district office	− 0.032069	0.009947	0.001	− 0.028488	0.010421	0.006
Constant	− 0.026257	0.017620	0.136	0.075840	0.010214	0.000
Number of observations	2015
Wald chi2 (56)	2537.09
Prob > chi2	0.000
Pseudo R2	0.483
Log pseudo-likelihood	− 391.104
Base outcome (No land tenure certificate)

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