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Table 3 List of variables and corresponding questions

From: Understanding the perceived indicators of food sovereignty and food security for rice growers and rural organizations in Mazandaran Province, Iran

Pillars

Indicators

Shortened variable names

Questions

Questionnaire of close-ended questions with Likert scale from very high to very low

Food Sovereignty

Localize food systems

Eco1

Eco2

Eco3

Eco4

Political9

Improving access to import markets

Improving access to export markets

Determining guaranteed purchase price

Strengthening access for financial assistance

Improving the import and export policies of rice crops

Builds knowledge and skills

Edu3

Edu5

Edu6

Tech2

Increasing human capital

Organizing various local classe

Strengthening the proper use of local knowledge

Using proper technology in planting, preservation and harvesting

Put control locally

Political1

Political2

Political3

Political4

Authorities hearing producers’ voice

Promoting local governance and decentralization

Integrating land under rice growth

Adopting appropriate rules to reduce conflicts on land

Values for food providers

Social2

Social4

Social9

Empowering small-scale producers

Improving gender equality

Increasing flexibility in vulnerable populations

Works with nature

Sus1

Infra6

Managing and conserving resources, especially water resources

Strengthening the access to water resources and optimal management

Right to food

Political6

Utility

Improving product pricing policies

Food satisfaction needs and cultural preferences

Food Security

Availability

Available1

Available2

Available3

Available4

Available5

Available6

Available7

Improving and restoring resources (Land and Water)

Investing in new and consistent technologies

Investing in rural markets

Investing in infrastructure in villages

Improving access to credit and savings systems

Improving research and innovation in agriculture

Possibly improving food production in rural areas

Accessibility

Access3

Access5

Access6

Access7

Strengthening access to knowledge and information

Improving access to natural resources (land, water)

Increasing revenue for small-scale producers

Improving the supply of food for the vulnerable majority

Utility

Utility1

Utility2

Access1

Improving food patterns and cultural patterns

Teaching correct use of natural resources and adapting to climate change

Improving consumption patterns through training programs

Quality

Safety1

Safety2

Safety4

Improving the quality of rice grains

Using mechanisms to ensure the health of the food

Accessing healthy and nutritious food