Table 1 Description of explanatory variables used in the study

\({X}_{1}\)

Gender of the household head

Categorical

1 = Male

0 = Female

\({X}_{2}\)

Age of the household head (in years)

Numerical

\({X}_{3}\)

Marital status of a household head

Categorical

1 = Single

2 = Married

3 = Divorced

4 = Widowed

\({X}_{4}\)

Household size (in number of persons)

Numerical

\({X}_{5}\)

Livestock holding of a household head (in tropical livestock unit)

Numerical

\({X}_{6}\)

Educational status of a household head

Categorical

1 = Illiterate

2 = Basic education

3 = Primary education

4 = Secondary education

5 = Diploma or above

\({X}_{7}\)

Number of extension contact visits during the year

Numerical

\({X}_{8}\)

Availability of accessories

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{9}\)

Use of credit in the production season

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{10}\)

Has the household head taken beekeeping training?

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{11}\)

Presence of honey bee pests

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{12}\)

Availability of bee feeds around the area, where beekeeping is practiced

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{13}\)

Is the household engaged in swarm catching practices?

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{14}\)

Is there incentive to adopt beekeeping?

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{15}\)

Does the household use honey produce for home consumption?

Categorical

1 = Yes

0 = No

\({X}_{16}\)

Major economic activities of a household head

Categorical

1 = Beekeeping

0 = Otherwise

\({X}_{17}\)

Household’s perception towards better hives

Categorical

1 = Traditional

2 = Modern

3 = Transitional

\({X}_{18}\)

Distance to the nearest market place (in km)

Numerical

\({X}_{19}\)

The number of years the household stayed in the village/district (in years)

Numerical

\({X}_{20}\)

Location

1 = Dangila

2 = Ayehu Guagusa

3 = Jawi