Does food security exist among farm households? Evidence from Ghana

Acheampong, Patricia Pinamang; Obeng, Elvis Agyei; Opoku, Monica; Brobbey, Lydia; Sakyiamah, Bernard

doi:10.1186/s40066-022-00362-9

Agriculture & Food Security

Table 3 Ordered probit estimates of determinants of food security of farm households in Ghana

From: Does food security exist among farm households? Evidence from Ghana

Variables	Estimates		Marginal effects
Variables	Coeff	Std error	Y = 0	SE	Y = 1	SE	Y = 2	SE
Gender	− 0.162*	0.090	0.018*	0.010	0.025*	0.014	− 0.044*	0.024
Age	− 0.203	0.056	0.023	0.015	0.032	0.021	− 0.055	0.037
Household size	0.001	0.007	0.000	0.0008	0.0002	0.001	0.003	0.001
Farming Experience	0.004*	0.002	− 0.004*	0.002	− 0.006*	0.0003	0.001*	0.0006
Growing improved variety	0.158***	0.055	− 0.018***	0.006	− 0.025***	0.008	0.043***	0.015
Household total crop income	2.77e− 06	4.96e− 06	− 3.21e−07	5.74e− 07	− 4.38e−07	7.85e− 07	7.59e−07	1.36e−06
Marital status	− 0.042	0.122	0.004	0.013	0.006	0.019	− 0.010	0.032
Residence status	0.087	0.064	− 0.010	0.007	− 0.013	0.010	0.024	0.017
Association membership	0.017	0.056	− 0.002	0.006	− 0.003	0.009	0.005	0.015
Extension access	0.013	0.068	− 0.005	0.007	− 0.002	0.010	0.004	0.018
Credit access	− 0.123**	0.064	0.014**	0.007	0.02**	0.010	− 0.034**	0.017
Head of household	− 0.050	0.089	0.006	0.010	0.008	0.014	− 0.014	0.026
up to primary 6	0.619***	0.075	− 0.061***	0.007	− 0.098***	0.011	0.159***	0.018
up to junior high school level	4.771	619.785	− 0.963***	0.008	− 0.212***	0.050	0.308***	0.053
Up to senior high school level	0.143**	0.070	− 0.019**	0.009	− 0.023**	0.011	0.042**	0.020
Tertiary excluding university	0.067	0.180	− 0.09	0.024	− 0.011	0.030	0.020	0.054
University	0.343	0.341	− 0.024	0.032	− 0.056	0.054	0.097	0.086
Ashanti Region	0.036	0.167	− 0.004	0.019	− 0.005	0.026	0.010	0.045
Brong Ahafo Region	− 0.099	0.097	0.006	0.006	0.009	0.009	− 0.016	0.015
Central Region	− 1.151***	0.119	0.138***	0.017	0.093***	0.009	− 0.231***	0.023
Eastern Region	0.093	0.106	− 0.005	0.006	− 0.008	0.010	0.014	0.016
Greater Accra Region	− 1.529***	0.188	0.212***	0.036	0.105***	0.009	− 0.317***	0.040
Northern Region	− 2.612***	0.115	0.453***	0.201	0.104***	0.009	− 0.557***	0.020
Upper East Region	− 2.420***	0.157	0.410***	0.030	0.106***	0.009	− 0.516***	0.028
Upper West Region	− 2.511***	0.156	0.430***	0.030	0.105***	0.009	− 0.53***	0.029
Volta Region	− 1.204***	0.112	0.148***	0.016	0.095***	0.008	− 0.243***	0.021
μ₁	0.757	0.187
μ₂	1.683	0.184
N	2603
Log likelihood	− 1967.530
Wald X²	2145.07***

^***, **,*, represent significance at 1%, 5% and 10%, respectively; μ1 and μ2 are threshold parameters in ordered probit model

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ISSN: 2048-7010

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