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Table 3 Demographic characteristics of sample households.

From: Determinants of market participation among smallholder farmers in Southwest Ethiopia: double-hurdle model approach

Variable description

Participant (n = 381)

Mean (std. dev.)

Non-participant (n = 165)

Mean (std. dev.)

Total (n = 546)

Mean (std. dev.)

t-value/λ2 value

Age of household head

41.730 (10.897)

43.455 (11.925)

42.251 (11.234)

1.650

Family size

5.719 (2.284)

5.812 (2.866)

5.747 (2.472)

0.403

Education level of HH

3.302 (2.722)

4.212 (2.355)

3.577 (2.648)

3.732***

Farming Experience

19.472 (10.136)

21.660 (9.728)

20.134 (10.056)

2.345**

Sex of HH: male

302 (68.330)

140 (31.670)

442 (80.950)

2.328*

Female

79 (75.960)

25 (24.040)

104 (19.050)

 
  1. “*”, “**” and “***” represent statistical significance of factors at 10, 5 and 1% levels, respectively