Impact of climate change on biodiversity and food security: a global perspective—a review article

Table 1 Threats to global biodiversity and their impacts

Factors	Impacts on biodiversity	Sources
Habitat loss and fragmentation	Decrease in natural habitat, homogenization of species composition, fragmentation of landscapes, and soil degradation	[40, 67]
Invasive alien species	Competition with and predation on native species Changes in ecosystem function Extinctions and Homogenization	[28, 37]
Overexploitation	Genetic contamination Extinctions and decreased populations Alien species introduced after resource depletion	[28, 37]
Climate change	Homogenization and changes in ecosystem functioning Extinctions Expansion or contraction of species ranges	[28, 37]
Pollution	Changes in species compositions and interactions Higher mortality rates Nutrient loading and acidification	[28, 37]
Anthropogenic threats	species extinction Habitat loss and conversion Degradation and fragmentation Over Harvesting	[82, 83]

ISSN: 2048-7010