From: Food security assessment in rural areas: evidence from Iran
Components | Variables | ID code | Sources |
---|---|---|---|
Economic | Housing quality | E1 | Sarlio-Lahteenkorva and Lahelma [44]; Studdert et al. [41]; Bedeke [60] |
Housing ownership | E2 | ||
Arable land area | E3 | ||
The amount of savings | E4 | ||
Number of small and large livestock | E5 | ||
The amount of income earned from the agricultural sector | E6 | ||
Job variety of household | E7 | ||
Benefiting from banking facilities | E8 | ||
Social | Age of household head | E9 | Nord [58]; Sugie [62] Coleman-Jensen [63]; Cox and Wallace [64] |
Literacy level | E10 | ||
Dependency burden (the number of individuals to support in the family) | E11 | ||
Size of family | E12 | ||
Number of children | E13 | ||
Structural-spatial | Number of visits to the city | E14 | Browne et al. [65] |
The extent of urban–rural relations | E15 | ||
Investment of urban people in villages | E16 | ||
Going to the city for employment | E17 | ||
Selling products to urban intermediaries | E18 | ||
Going to the city to receive general services (educational, health, cultural, and welfare) | E19 | ||
The number of visits to buy food in the city | E20 | ||
Selling manufactured products without intermediaries and directly to the city | E21 | ||
Access | Unavailability of food needed by the household | E22 | |
Lack of availability of various foods | E23 | ||
Insufficient food supply centers | E24 | ||
Appropriate quantity and quality of food available in village retail stores | E25 | ||
Access to organic food and non-transgenic products | E26 | ||
Access to appropriate technologies for food production | E27 | ||
The high cost of access to food | E28 | ||
Accessibility | Insufficient income to buy food | E29 | Audsley et al. [69]; WRAP [70]; Schmidinger and Stehfest [71] |
Insufficient income to diversify the diet | E30 | ||
Lack of government cooperation in easy access to food throughout the year for the lower economic classes of the village | E31 | ||
Lack of access to food without suffering psychological damage | E32 | ||
Lack of sense of social justice in access to food among the people | E33 | ||
Consumption | Awareness of the quality of food consumed | E34 | Sim et al. (2006); Edwards-Jones et al. [73] |
Low food waste | E35 | ||
Awareness of proper diet of family members | E36 | ||
Lack of proper diet for the family during the week | E37 | ||
Lack of proper nutrition for children during the week | E38 | ||
Stability | Instability in household food consumption throughout the year | E39 | Sim et al. (2006); Edwards-Jones et al. [73] |
Instability in the consumption of various foods throughout the year | E40 | ||
Lack of stable income for food consumption throughout the year | E41 |