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TableĀ 6 Marginal effects estimates for the determinants CSA packages by MNL

From: Effect of climate-smart agricultural practices on household food security in smallholder production systems: micro-level evidence from Kenya

Variables

C1F0R0S0

C1F0R1S0

C1F0R1S1

C1F1R0S0

C1F1R0S1

C1F1R1S0

C1F1R1S1

dy/dx

dy/dx

dy/dx

dy/dx

dy/dx

dy/dx

dy/dx

Socio-economic factors

Age of HH

āˆ’ā€‰0.0019*

0.0007

0.0015

āˆ’ā€‰0.0028

0.0016**

0.0016

0.0000

Gender of HH

āˆ’ā€‰0.0434

0.0045

0.0340

āˆ’ā€‰0.0284

āˆ’ā€‰0.0047

āˆ’ā€‰0.0047

0.0271**

Years of education of HH

0.0013

0.0015

0.0033

āˆ’ā€‰0.0204**

0.0019

0.0019

0.0000

Household size

0.0075

āˆ’ā€‰0.0006

āˆ’ā€‰0.0020

āˆ’ā€‰0.0239

0.0056

0.0056

0.0004

Participation in off-farm employment

āˆ’ā€‰0.0251

0.0022

0.0341

āˆ’ā€‰0.0518

āˆ’ā€‰0.0168

āˆ’ā€‰0.0168

0.0012

Natural log of farm assets

0.0032

0.0009

āˆ’ā€‰0.0045

āˆ’ā€‰0.0722***

0.0014

0.0014***

0.0307*

Farm size

āˆ’ā€‰0.0378***

āˆ’ā€‰0.0104

āˆ’ā€‰0.0268**

āˆ’ā€‰0.0171

0.0110*

0.0110***

0.0013**

Farm characteristics

Perception on terrain of land

āˆ’ā€‰0.0007

0.0057

āˆ’ā€‰0.0123

0.0995

āˆ’ā€‰0.0177

āˆ’ā€‰0.0177

0.0011

Perception Severity of soil erosion

āˆ’ā€‰0.0107

āˆ’ā€‰0.0342**

0.0198

āˆ’ā€‰0.0452

āˆ’ā€‰0.0451**

āˆ’ā€‰0.0451***

0.0007

Perception of soil fertility

āˆ’ā€‰0.0064

āˆ’ā€‰0.0002

0.0105

0.1871***

āˆ’ā€‰0.0128

āˆ’ā€‰0.0128***

0.0007

Bad incidences

Frequent floods

0.0284

āˆ’ā€‰0.0266

āˆ’ā€‰0.0204

0.0205

0.0330*

0.0330

0.0003

Hailstorms

0.0268

0.0052*

āˆ’ā€‰0.0053

āˆ’ā€‰0.0126

0.0193

0.0193

0.0006

Insufficient rains

āˆ’ā€‰0.0023

0.0008

āˆ’ā€‰0.0169

0.0628

āˆ’ā€‰0.0311

āˆ’ā€‰0.0311

0.0004

Institutional factors

Walking time from farm to market

0.0002

āˆ’ā€‰0.0003

āˆ’ā€‰0.0005*

0.0011

āˆ’ā€‰0.0007**

āˆ’ā€‰0.0007**

0.0001

Membership to a farmer group

0.0279

0.0148

āˆ’ā€‰0.0126

0.1888**

0.0221

0.0221**

0.0000

Contacts with extension agents

āˆ’ā€‰0.0046

0.0021

0.0073

āˆ’ā€‰0.0296***

0.0046

0.0046**

0.0002

Access to credit

āˆ’ā€‰0.0461*

āˆ’ā€‰0.0044

āˆ’ā€‰0.0083

āˆ’ā€‰0.1571**

0.0028

0.0028***

0.0001

Number of observationsā€‰=ā€‰375; Wald Ļ‡2 (119)ā€‰=ā€‰445.52; pā€‰=ā€‰0.000

  1. C0F0R0S0 is the reference base category in the MNL; HH is household head
  2. ***Significant at 1% level
  3. **Significant at 5% level
  4. *Significant at 10% level