Effect of climate-smart agricultural practices on household food security in smallholder production systems: micro-level evidence from Kenya

Table 3 Loadings of the four components for CSA compositions

Strategies	Comp1	Comp2	Comp3	Comp4	Communality
Changing crop varieties	0.5467	− 0.3965	0.2579	− 0.2853	0.6040
Use of legumes in crop rotation	0.6491	− 0.3903	0.2574	− 0.2224	0.6894
Use of cover crops	0.6257	− 0.3138	− 0.2292	− 0.1559	0.6344
Changing planting dates	0.5223	− 0.3779	0.3280	− 0.2981	0.6121
Crop and livestock diversification	0.3910	0.3482	− 0.4904	0.3216	0.6180
Use of organic manure	0.2550	0.6522	− 0.3156	− 0.3036	0.5086
Efficient use of inorganic fertilizer	0.5537	0.2032	0.3940	− 0.3311	0.6127
Use of terraces	0.2485	0.3343	− 0.3243	− 0.6249	0.6691
Irrigation	0.3816	0.3986	0.4546	0.2423	0.6283
Trees on crop land	0.2459	− 0.3013	− 0.4518	0.6024	0.7183
Food crops on tree land	0.3202	0.6198	0.3715	0.3424	0.7419
Use of live barriers	0.3190	− 0.3308	− 0.3845	0.5146	0.6238
Mulching	0.2811	0.5512	0.3483	0.3819	0.6500
Use of improved livestock breeds	0.2510	0.3794	− 0.7011	− 0.1492	0.7207
Eigenvalues	4.9160	2.8161	1.5505	1.0287
Eigenvalues % contribution	35.6543	20.1153	11.0751	7.3479
Cumulative %	35.6543	55.7696	66.8447	74.1926

ISSN: 2048-7010