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Table 1 Results of the ADF test

From: Public buffer stocks as agricultural output price stabilization policy in Ghana

Market

Price series

ADF test

Levels

First difference

Techiman

Maize

− 2.357

− 5.005*

Rice

− 1.869

− 4.844*

Tamale

Maize

− 2.380

− 4.379*

Rice

− 2.189

− 5.988*

Ho

Maize

− 2.344

− 4.394*

Rice

− 1.485

− 4.200*

  1. Asymptotic critical values for unit root t test with linear time trend, 12 lags: 10%: − 2.58; 1%: − 3.51 (Banerjee et al. [33])
  2. *Significant at 1%. A t statistic larger than the critical value implies rejection of H0 and presence of a unit root