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Table 1 Coping mechanisms by sex of household head.

From: Transitory coping strategies of food-insecure smallholder farmer households: the case of Ilu Gelan District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Reginal State, Ethiopia

Coping mechanisms

Male

Female

Significance

Cuttin down consumption of more nutritious food items (meat, egg, etc.)

2.33

3.65

0.00

Selling of asset and others materials

0.7

1.01

0.227

Selling charcoal and fire wood

0.51

3.0

0.006

Consumption of wild food

2

5

3.50

Engage in petty retailing of items

0.66

3.86

0.00

Seasonal migration/mobility for labor

0.93

0.82

0.71

Selling fire wood and charcoal

1.5

2.49

0.01

Sending out children to work on others’ farm

0.82

1.22

0.347

Relying on less preferred and less expensive food

2.29

4.49

0.00

Dropping of children from school

1.10

2.44

0.015

Reduction in non-food expenditures

1.93

3.87

0.000

Daily labor in both rural and urban areas

1.47

0.50

0.001

Purchase of food by credit/relying on borrowing

1.61

1.23

0.026

Skip entire day without food

1.61

0.91

0.015

Reducing number of meals per day

2.57

4.32

0.000

Sending family members to abroad for remittance

0.23

0.18

0.045

Selling liquor (‘Arake’ and ‘Tela’)a

1.85

0.68

0.001

Sale of timber

0.69

0.22

0.025

Begging

0.31

0.13

0.180

  1. a‘Arake’ and ‘Tela’ are locally made alcoholic drinks