Table 2 ADF unit root test results
Countries | Level | First difference | Second difference | Third difference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
z-stat. | Prob. | z-stat. | Prob. | z-stat. | Prob. | z-stat. | Prob. | |
SSA | − 2.34 | 0.161 | − 1.22 | 0.664 | − 5.51*** | 0.000 | ||
Ethiopia | − 1.19 | 0.676 | − 3.71*** | 0.004 | ||||
Kenya | 0.78 | 0.991 | − 3.27*** | 0.016 | ||||
Rwanda | − 0.67 | 0.855 | − 1.79 | 0.383 | − 4.33*** | 0.000 | ||
Uganda | 1.33 | 0.997 | − 1.15 | 0.693 | − 2.75 | 0.067 | − 3.77*** | 0.003 |
Tanzania | − 3.22*** | 0.019 | ||||||