Table 2 Socio-economic and demographic characteristics of households (N = 520)

Age of the household head (years)

44.90 (14.906)

47.92 (13.723)

46.41 (14.392)

Education level of the household head (years)

4.38 (5.026)

6.90 (4.471)

5.64 (4.916)

Number of resident people in the household

6.62 (3.153)

9.64 (4.691)

8.13 (4.271)

Number of adults in the household (> 18 years old)

3.08 (2.516)

4.18 (2.294)

3.63 (2.468)

Proximity to wetland (km)

1.86 (1.937)

1.19 (1.289)

1.53 (1.677)

Proximity to market (km)

5.49 (5.497)

3.15 (3.084)

4.32 (4.604)

Land size (acres)

5.44 (18.116)

1.55 (1.457)

3.49 (12.986)

Tropical Livestock Units (TLUs)

4.34 (12.973)

1.88 (1.997)

3.12 (9.354)

Period of residence in area (years)

22.10 (16.230)

36.52 (18.948)

29.88 (19.134)

% of households

Sex of household head

 Female

10

4

14

 Male

40

46

86

Main occupation of the household head

 Small-scale farmer

42

39

81

 Off-farm occupation

8

11

19

Household owns land

 Yes

45

48

93

 No

5

2

7

Household grows crops

 Yes

47

50

97

 No

3

0

3

Purpose of rearing livestock

 Not commercial

32

35

67

 Commercial

18

15

33

Household has a member in a social group

 Yes

35

24

59

 No

15

26

41

Type of house

 Not permanent

45

38

83

 Permanent

5

12

17