Determinants of smallholder farmers’ decision to adopt adaptation options to climate change and variability in the Muger Sub basin of the Upper Blue Nile basin of Ethiopia

Table 5 Marginal effects from the multinomial logit of climate change adaptation model

Adaptation options	Irrigation		Agronomic practices		Livelihood diversification		Soil and water conservation
Explanatory variables	Coefficients	P level	Coefficients	P level	Coefficients	P level	Coefficients	P level
AGROECOLOGY
2	0.14576***	0.002	0.00949	0.831	0.10303***	0.013	− 0.27490***	0.000
3	0.19773***	0.001	− 0.02721	0.603	0.07924	0.154	− 0.31924***	0.000
GENDERHH	− 0.02002	0.860	− 0.09392*	0.092	− 0.16525***	0.003	0.35996***	0.013
AGEHH	− 0.00015	0.916	0.00032	0.811	0.00117	0.397	− 0.00079	0.622
EDU	0.02253***	0.000	− 0.00228	0.588	− 0.01078***	0.027	− 0.00651	0.230
FAMILY	− 0.00904	0.284	0.01064	0.148	0.00692	0.373	− 0.00600	0.514
Social capital	0.08569***	0.000	− 0.01215	0.268	− 0.00182	0.871	− 0.01830	0.172
TRAINING	− 0.03756	0.305	0.04151	0.247	0.00542	0.878	0.04077	0.345
CREDIT	0.11093***	0.002	− 0.01002	0.740	− 0.02863	0.370	− 0.04646	0.235
DISTMARKET	− 0.01558	0.504	− 0.03867*	0.088	− 0.02299	0.310	07019***	0.004
WARNING	0.01877	0.639	0.09059***	0.001	0.02514	0.472	0.08395**	0.052
LIVESTOCK	0.00421	0.317	0.00622	0.114	− 0.01575***	0.001	0.00325	0.518
CROP FAILURE	0.00366	0.644	0.01695***	0.001	0.00165	0.814	− 0.00497	0.500
CULTIVLAND	0.02787	0.212	− 0.06595***	0.007	− 0.01297	0.602	0.05795***	0.027

ISSN: 2048-7010