Table 1 Household demographic characteristics and food security status by village cluster
Characteristic | Millennium Villages Cluster | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bonsaaso, Ghana | Pampaida, Nigeria | Potou, Senegal | Tiby, Mali | Mayange, Rwanda | Mwandama, Malawi | Ruhiira, Uganda | |
No. of households | 169 | 267 | 274 | 213 | 234 | 245 | 222 |
No. of children | 145 | 325 | 293 | 210 | 142 | 174 | 254 |
Household characteristics | |||||||
 Household size, median (IQR) | 6 (3) | 7 (4) | 9 (7) | 13 (12) | 5 (2) | 5 (3) | 5 (3) |
 Female head of household, no. (%) | 40 (24) | 2 (1) | 35 (13) | 1 (0) | 58 (25) | 84 (34) | 65 (29) |
 Household head education level, no. (%) | |||||||
  No formal education | 73 (43) | 212 (79) | 270 (99) | 210 (99) | 148 (63) | 151 (62) | 163 (73) |
  Primary school | 31 (18) | 45 (17) | 3 (1) | 1 (0) | 63 (27) | 45 (18) | 41 (18) |
  Lower secondary school | 58 (34) | 7 (3) | 0 | 1 (0) | 8 (3) | 40 (16) | 7 (3) |
  Upper secondary school or higher | 7 (4) | 3 (1) | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | 15 (6) | 9 (4) | 11 (5) |
Food insecurity | |||||||
 ≥1 month of food insecurity, no. (%) | 115 (68) | 157 (59) | 140 (51) | 69 (32) | 77 (33) | 102 (42) | 109 (49) |
 No. months of food insecurity, median (range) | 2 (0–12) | 1 (0–6) | 1 (0–8) | 0 (0–6) | 0 (0–12) | 0 (0–7) | 0 (0–12) |
Child anthropometry | |||||||
 Mean Z score (SD) | |||||||
  Height-for-age | −1.40 (1.6) | −1.66 (2.12) | −1.02 (1.83) | −1.49 (1.81) | −1.25 (1.58) | −1.70 (1.47) | −1.81 (1.68) |
  Weight-for-age | −1.13 (1.24) | −1.01 (1.81) | −0.78 (1.30) | −1.08 (1.32) | −0.73 (1.48) | −0.76 (1.14) | −0.80 (1.26) |
  Weight-for-height | −0.28 (1.10) | −0.24 (1.27) | −0.40 (1.45) | −0.26 (1.25) | −0.09 (1.21) | 0.34 (1.08) | 0.42 (1.01) |
 Malnourished children, no. (%) | |||||||
  Stunted | 54 (38) | 129 (47) | 75 (29) | 80 (40) | 45 (32) | 72 (42) | 124 (50) |
  Underweight | 27 (19) | 56 (26) | 46 (17) | 51 (25) | 22 (15) | 17 (10) | 36 (14) |
  Wasted | 3 (2) | 17 (8) | 33 (11) | 11 (5) | 6 (4) | 2 (1) | 1 (0) |