From: Household adoption of soil-improving practices and food insecurity in Ghana
Independent variables | Marginal effect | Standard error | z | p> | z| | 95% confidence interval | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic food insecure | ||||||
 Adoption of soil imp. | -0.011 | 0.031 | -0.370 | 0.714 | -0.073 | 0.050 |
 Chemical fertilizer | -0.076 | 0.050 | -1.520 | 0.128 | -0.173 | 0.022 |
 Commercial seed | -0.051 | 0.042 | -1.220 | 0.223 | -0.134 | 0.031 |
 Herbicides | -0.043 | 0.049 | -0.880 | 0.381 | -0.138 | 0.053 |
 Insecticide | 0.065 | 0.036 | 1.780 | 0.076 | -0.007 | 0.136 |
 Medium-quality soil | -0.200 | 0.065 | -3.080 | 0.002 | -0.327 | -0.073 |
 Off-farm activity | -0.022 | 0.024 | -0.880 | 0.377 | -0.069 | 0.026 |
 Seasonal lease | 0.007 | 0.032 | 0.210 | 0.836 | -0.056 | 0.069 |
 Share cropping | 0.035 | 0.058 | 0.600 | 0.551 | -0.079 | 0.149 |
 Income | -0.001 | 0.001 | -1.620 | 0.105 | -0.002 | 0.000 |
 Education level | -0.030 | 0.029 | -1.020 | 0.307 | -0.087 | 0.027 |
 Household size | -0.001 | 0.006 | -0.090 | 0.929 | -0.012 | 0.011 |
 Age of house head | -0.001 | 0.001 | -0.760 | 0.446 | -0.003 | 0.001 |
 Extension service | 0.033 | 0.025 | 1.310 | 0.189 | -0.016 | 0.082 |
Seasonal food insecure | ||||||
 Adoption of soil imp. | -0.025 | 0.064 | -0.390 | 0.694 | -0.150 | 0.100 |
 Chemical fertilizer | -0.093 | 0.040 | -2.340 | 0.019 | -0.171 | -0.015 |
 Commercial seed | -0.092 | 0.058 | -1.590 | 0.112 | -0.206 | 0.022 |
 Herbicides | -0.065 | 0.046 | -1.400 | 0.161 | -0.155 | 0.026 |
 Insecticide | 0.122 | 0.059 | 2.080 | 0.037 | 0.007 | 0.237 |
 Medium-quality soil | -0.222 | 0.071 | -3.130 | 0.002 | -0.361 | -0.083 |
 Off-farm activity | -0.061 | 0.081 | -0.750 | 0.451 | -0.219 | 0.097 |
 Seasonal lease | 0.016 | 0.080 | 0.200 | 0.842 | -0.141 | 0.173 |
 Share cropping | 0.056 | 0.063 | 0.900 | 0.371 | -0.067 | 0.179 |
 Income | -0.002 | 0.001 | -1.630 | 0.104 | -0.005 | 0.000 |
 Education level | -0.060 | 0.050 | -1.200 | 0.229 | -0.158 | 0.038 |
 Household size | -0.001 | 0.014 | -0.090 | 0.929 | -0.029 | 0.026 |
 Age of house head | -0.002 | 0.002 | -0.770 | 0.440 | -0.006 | 0.003 |
 Extension service | 0.101 | 0.092 | 1.100 | 0.272 | -0.079 | 0.281 |
Vulnerable food insecure | ||||||
 Adoption of soil imp. | 0.018 | 0.046 | 0.380 | 0.703 | -0.073 | 0.108 |
 Chemical fertilizer | 0.085 | 0.042 | 2.020 | 0.043 | 0.003 | 0.168 |
 Commercial seed | 0.070 | 0.049 | 1.430 | 0.153 | -0.026 | 0.165 |
 Herbicides | 0.054 | 0.048 | 1.110 | 0.268 | -0.041 | 0.149 |
 Insecticide | -0.089 | 0.044 | -2.030 | 0.042 | -0.175 | -0.003 |
 Medium-quality soil | 0.187 | 0.049 | 3.840 | 0.000 | 0.092 | 0.282 |
 Off-farm activity | 0.037 | 0.046 | 0.820 | 0.413 | -0.052 | 0.127 |
 Seasonal lease | -0.011 | 0.052 | -0.200 | 0.839 | -0.113 | 0.092 |
 Share cropping | -0.045 | 0.062 | -0.720 | 0.470 | -0.168 | 0.077 |
 Income | 0.002 | 0.001 | 1.630 | 0.104 | 0.000 | 0.003 |
 Education level | 0.043 | 0.039 | 1.130 | 0.260 | -0.032 | 0.119 |
 Household size | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.090 | 0.929 | -0.018 | 0.019 |
 Age of house head | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.770 | 0.443 | -0.002 | 0.004 |
 Extension service | -0.059 | 0.048 | -1.230 | 0.220 | -0.153 | 0.035 |
Food secure | ||||||
 Adoption of soil imp. | 0.019 | 0.049 | 0.390 | 0.698 | -0.077 | 0.115 |
 Chemical fertilizer | 0.084 | 0.037 | 2.250 | 0.025 | 0.011 | 0.157 |
 Commercial seed | 0.074 | 0.049 | 1.510 | 0.130 | -0.022 | 0.169 |
 Herbicides | 0.054 | 0.044 | 1.230 | 0.220 | -0.032 | 0.140 |
 Insecticide | -0.098 | 0.047 | -2.060 | 0.039 | -0.191 | -0.005 |
 Medium-quality soil | 0.235 | 0.056 | 4.200 | 0.000 | 0.125 | 0.345 |
 Off-farm activity | 0.045 | 0.059 | 0.760 | 0.447 | -0.071 | 0.161 |
 Seasonal lease | -0.012 | 0.060 | -0.200 | 0.841 | -0.129 | 0.105 |
 Share cropping | -0.046 | 0.057 | -0.800 | 0.425 | -0.158 | 0.066 |
 Income | 0.002 | 0.001 | 1.680 | 0.092 | 0.000 | 0.004 |
 Education level | 0.046 | 0.040 | 1.170 | 0.240 | -0.031 | 0.124 |
 Household size | 0.001 | 0.011 | 0.090 | 0.929 | -0.020 | 0.022 |
 Age of house head | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.780 | 0.437 | -0.002 | 0.005 |
 Extension service | -0.075 | 0.069 | -1.090 | 0.274 | -0.209 | 0.059 |