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Table 5 Factors associated with decrease in HH food consumption in Ho indigenous community, Jharkhand, India

From: Impact of the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic on food security among Ho indigenous community of Jharkhand, India

Variable (N = 206)

Unadjusted analysis

Adjusted analysis

OR (CI)

p value

OR (CI)

p value

Access to food from cultivated food environment (farm/kitchen garden)

 Easy

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

0.086

 Difficult

9.3 (3.8, 22.8)

4.6 (1.17, 18.37)

 No change

1.7 (0.65, 4.73)

2.6 (0.61, 11.53)

Access to food from wild food environment (forests, pastures, water sources)

 Easy

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

0.002*

 Difficult

6.5 (2.66, 16.25)

1.7 (0.40, 7.75)

 No change

0.9 (0.40, 2.40)

0.3 (0.07, 1.34)

 Not applicable

1.1 (0.23, 5.55)

0.1 (0.01, 1.11)

Access to food from government schemes

 Yes

Ref

0.02

Ref

0.351

 No

0.4 (0.25, 0.90)

0.6 (0.23, 1.66)

Access to food from informal weekly markets

 Easy

Ref

0.007

Ref

0.240

 Difficult

2.4 (0.59, 10.23)

1.7 (0.21, 14.35)

 No change

0.2 (0.03, 1.99)

0.2 (0.01, 4.87)

 Not applicable

0.3 (0.02, 4.73)

0.4 (0.01, 17.95)

Change in food price

 No

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001*

 Yes

11.9 (4.58, 30.95)

19.9 (5.25, 76.02)

Change in farming practices

 Yes

Ref

0.004

Ref

0.207

 No

0.21 (0.07, 0.57)

0.4 (0.11, 1.51)

 Not applicable

0.55 (0.11, 2.67)

1.5 (0.14, 17.20)

Decrease in HH income

 No

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001*

 Yes

22.4 (9.17, 54.97)

9.2 (2.99, 28.60)

  1. *Statistically significant at p < 0.01