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Table 2 Perceived effectiveness of public extension and advisory services in the Gauteng province (n = 442)

From: Farmer’s perceptions of effectiveness of public agricultural extension services in South Africa: an exploratory analysis of associated factors

Variable (Item)

Proportion of the participants (%)

Median (IQR)

Very ineffective

Ineffective

Average

Effective

Very effective

Renders high quality extension and advisory services

8.8

9.3

31.4

38.9

11.5

4 (3.3–3.5)

Uses extension approaches that are relevant to the beneficiaries

9.0

8.8

31.2

38.5

12.4

4 (3.3–3.5)

Is demand driven

8.6

13.1

29.6

36.9

11.8

3 (3.2–3.4)

Is compliant with the principles of Batho Pele when dealing with people and planning activities

8.8

7.0

29.2

39.8

15.2

4 (3.3–3.6)

Promotes equity through subsistence small-scale farmers, women farmers, disabled farmers and commercial farmers

10.0

10.9

25.6

37.3

16.3

4 (3.3–3.5)

Is flexible in responding to farmers’ ever-changing needs

11.1

13.6

28.7

35.7

10.9

3 (3.1–3.3)

Has effective monitoring and evaluation tools

10.6

11.1

31.7

36.0

10.6

3 (3.1–3.4)

Prioritises the needs of the beneficiaries

10.4

13.6

30.1

36.9

9.0

3 (3.1–3.3)

Focuses on human and social capital development

10.0

12.9

29.4

35.1

12.7

3 (3.2–3.4)

Uses participatory approaches in planning, implementation and evaluation of their projects/programmes

12.2

8.4

29.4

36.0

14.0

3.5 (3.2–3.4)

Facilitates access to extension and advisory services that lead to sustainable income generation by clients

10.2

13.1

30.8

34.8

11.1

3 (3.1–3.3)

Provides and facilitates access to agricultural information for improved planning and decision-making

8.8

10.2

29.4

41.2

10.4

4 (3.2–3.4)

Facilitates access to technology and where possible, provides such technologies

11.8

14.7

32.1

32.1

9.3

3 (3.0–3.2)

Provides and facilitates access to advice on sustainable agricultural production (including conservation of natural resources)

10.2

9.0

30.8

36.2

13.8

3.5 (3.2–3.5)

Provides and facilitates advice on skills development in agriculture

11.1

7.2

28.3

37.8

15.6

4 (3.3–3.5)

Strengthens institutional arrangements (partnerships, restructuring, corporatisation, funding, establishment of new entity/ties) for the effective delivery of services

12.9

13.1

25.1

35.5

13.3

3 (3.1–3.4)

Average

10.3

11.0

29.6

36.8

12.4

  1. IQR interquartile range