Table 4 Regression models for food security measures

Statistical test

Ordered logit regression

Multiple regression

Ordered logit regression

Ordered logit regression

Multiple regression

Constant

59.858*** (3.967)

0.596*** (0.054)

Econ shock

0.810*** (0.125)

8.215*** (1.079)

1.965*** (0.187)

2.238*** (0.583)

− 0.079*** (0.015)

Ag shock

0.331** (0.137)

2.840* (1.198)

0.785*** (0.184)

1.753** (0.648)

− 0.056** (0.016)

Env shock

1.323*** (0.155)

4.003** (1.348)

2.382*** (0.389)

3.699*** (0.729)

− 0.039* (0.019)

MigHH

0.051 (0.201)

0.289 (1.688)

0.241 (0.217)

1.858* (0.912)

− 0.025 (0.023)

Remittance (10^–4)^{^}

− 0.030 (0.024)

− 0.121 (0.179)

− 0.009 (0.023)

− 0.132 (0.097)

− 0.0002 (0.002)

Market

0.002* (0.001)

0.010 (0.008)

0.0002 (0.001)

0.018*** (0.004)

− 0.0002 (0.0001)

Altitude

0.0005*** (0.0001)

0.002** (0.001)

− 0.0002 (0.0001)

− 0.001* (− 0.0005)

− 0.00002 (0.00001)

WEAI

0.384 (0.377)

9.808** (3.369)

0.965 (0.542)

1.467 (1.821)

− 0.195*** (0.046)

Landed

− 0.305* (0.125)

− 1.098 (1.120)

− 0.476** (0.169)

− 2.823*** (0.606)

− 0.017 (0.015)

Income (10^–6)^{^}

0.754* (0.310)

1.71 (2.88)

− 5.73*** (1.13)

− 4.05** (1.56)

0.118** (0.038)

zAssets

0.110 (0.063)

2.514*** (0.555)

− 0.058 (0.088)

− 1.048** (0.300)

− 0.022** (0.008)

HHsize

0.213*** (0.030)

0.331 (0.258)

0.152*** (0.037)

1.223*** (0.140)

0.010** (0.003)

Gender (female)

0.679 (0.116)

− 2.031* (1.027)

− 0.137 (0.151)

− 0.337 (0.555)

− 0.036 (0.014)

Pension

0.706*** (0.164)

0.766 (1.470)

0.266 (0.219)

1.358 (0.795)

0.108*** (0.020)

Hh_age

− 0.014** (0.005)

− 0.024 (0.041)

− 0.008 (0.006)

− 0.055 (0.022)

− 0.002** (0.001)

Food loan

0.497** (0.189)

9.189*** (1.657)

1.456*** (0.219)

5.828*** (0.896)

− 0.071** (0.022)

Illness

− 0.084 (0.118)

− 1.472 (1.044)

0.453** (0.156)

3.003*** (0.565)

0.007 (0.014)

R²

0.071

0.187

0.228

0.279

0.202

N

1080

1080

1080

1080

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